关键词: 量子信息技术, 量子计算, 量子通信, 量子测量, 量子芯片, 离子俘获, 自旋电子, 里德堡原子

Abstract: After decades of theoretical research and scientific exploration, quantum information technology has now entered a crucial period of transformation towards engineering research and has become a strategic high ground in the technological competition among major powers. This article reviews the latest progress and development trends of quantum information technologies such as quantum computing, quantum secure communication, and quantum precision measurement, as well as their core chips and other key technologies. In the field of quantum computing, it includes the latest progress and development trends of superconducting quantum computing and series of chips, photonic quantum computing and series of chips, topological architecture quantum computing and chips, trapped ion quantum computing and series of chips, and spin quantum computing and series of chips. In the field of quantum secure communication, it includes the latest progress and development trends of post-quantum cryptography chips and algorithms, and quantum key distribution chips and applications. In the field of quantum precision detection, it includes the latest progress and development trends of single-photon detection, quantum radar, atomic clocks, nitrogen-vacancy sensors in diamonds, quantum gravimeters, and Rydberg atom sensors, as well as their chips, modules, and systems. Outlooked the important focuses of quantum information technology and future industry development.

Key words: quantum information technology,  quantum computing,  quantum communication,  quantum measurement,  quantum chip,  ion trapping,  spintronics,  Rydberg atom