基于STM32微控制器的Bootloader设计方法

doi:10.16257/j.cnki.1681-1070.2025.0051

电子与封装 ›› 2025, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (6): 060501 . doi: 10.16257/j.cnki.1681-1070.2025.0051

基于STM32微控制器的Bootloader设计方法

黄艳国，王文华

江西理工大学电气工程与自动化学院，江西赣州 ?341000

收稿日期:2024-11-14 出版日期:2025-06-27 发布日期:2025-06-27
作者简介:黄艳国（1973—），男，湖北武汉人，博士，教授，研究方向为交通信息处理、智能交通、道路交通图像处理与识别、智能控制等。

Bootloader Design Methodology Based on STM32 Microcontroller

HUANG Yanguo, WANG Wenhua

School ofElectrical Engineering and Automation, Jiangxi Universityof Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China

Received:2024-11-14 Online:2025-06-27 Published:2025-06-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为使终端产品易于升级软件，提出了一种基于STM32微控制器的Bootloader设计方法。依据STM32F429IGT6微控制器的特性和架构，提出了引导程序、状态信息及应用程序的存储规划，阐述了各类情形下微控制器的升级流程；依据产品复杂度及应用场景，提出了合理的通信方案，并制定了相应的应用层通信协议；同时融合安全访问和数字签名技术，保障升级过程安全，有效防范恶意升级或篡改。经实际案例验证，该Bootloader设计方法安全可靠，对各类电子产品的Bootloader设计具有重要的参考意义。

关键词: STM32, 微控制器, 在线编程, Bootloader, 安全升级

Abstract: In order to make terminal products easy to upgrade software, a Bootloader design methodology based on STM32 microcontroller is proposed. According to the characteristics and architecture of STM32F429IGT6 microcontroller, the storage planning of boot program, state information and application program is proposed to elaborate on the upgrade process of the microcontroller in various situations. According to the complexity of the product and the application scenarios, the suitable communication scheme is proposed and the application layer communication protocol is formulated. simultaneously, the security access and digital signature technologies are integrated to guarantee the security of the upgrade process and effectively prevent malicious upgrading or tampering. As verified by actual cases, the Bootloader design methodology is safe and reliable, and it has important reference value for the Bootloader design of various electronic products.

Key words: STM32, microcontroller, online programming, Bootloader, secure upgrade

中图分类号:

TP273

黄艳国，王文华. 基于STM32微控制器的Bootloader设计方法[J]. 电子与封装, 2025, 25(6): 060501 .

HUANG Yanguo, WANG Wenhua. Bootloader Design Methodology Based on STM32 Microcontroller[J]. Electronics & Packaging, 2025, 25(6): 060501 .

参考文献

[1] 许化, 黎蕾, 倪云龙, 等. 基于TMS320F28335的二次Bootloader在线升级方法[J]. 电子技术应用, 2023, 49(3): 139-142.
[2] NXP Semiconductors. MC9S08DZ60 data sheet [EB/OL]. [2024-11-28]. https://www.nxp.com/docs/en/data-sheet/MC9S08DZ60.pdf.
[3] 李媛媛. 基于UART总线Ymodem协议的Bootloader设计与实现[J]. 机电产品开发与创新, 2021, 34(5): 30-32, 53.
[4] 颉炯. 用于STM32控制电路的程序远程升级方法研究[J]. 电气传动自动化, 2024, 46(3): 6-10.
[5] 顾瀚戈, 钟洪念, 冉万宁, 等. 基于TMS320F28335芯片CAN Bootloader程序升级方法[J]. 电子与封装, 2021, 21(12): 120502.
[6] 陈睿智, 石春, 吴刚, 等. 面向OTA需求的汽车电控单元Bootloader设计[J]. 仪表技术, 2021(2): 8-12, 22.
[7] 刘汉阳, 杜启行, 邓林涓, 等. 基于USB CDC规范的嵌入式系统Bootloader设计[J]. 电子测试, 2020(13): 74-76.
[8] 杨玉春, 苏燕辰, 伍川辉, 等. 基于USB的列车车载类设备软件升级技术研究[J]. 铁路计算机应用, 2020, 29(1): 34-38.
[9] 陈以安, 李鹏, 车慢行. 基于WiFi的STM32固件远程升级系统[J]. 单片机与嵌入式系统应用, 2022, 22(7): 46-50.
[10] ANAND P, PREMANANDA B S. Secure bootloader for connectivity MCU[C]//2022 IEEE 2nd Mysore Sub Section International Conference (MysuruCon), Mysuru, India, 2022: 1-7.
[11] OBERTI F, SAVINO A, SANCHEZ E, et al. EXT-TAURUM P2T: an extended secure CAN-FD architecture for road vehicles[J]. IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability, 2022, 22(2): 98-110.
[12] KUSHWAHA P, SONKAR H, ALTAF F, et al. A brief survey of challenge–response authentication mechanisms[C]// ICT Analysis and Applications. Singapore, 2021: 573-581.
[13] NGO K, DUBROVA E. Side-channel analysis of the random number generator in STM32 MCUs[C]//Proceedings of the Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI 2022, Irvine, CA, USA, 2022: 15-20.
[14] 石志坚, 谭全权, 段海龙. RSA算法实现数字签名的研究与应用[J]. 微型电脑应用, 2008, 24(6): 50-51.
[15] RANASINGHE R, CHATHURANGI M, ATHUKORALA P. A novel improvement in RSA algorithm[J]. Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences & Cryptography, 2024, 27(1): 143-150.
[16] ABDULLAH A M. Advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm to encrypt and decrypt data[J]. Cryptography and Network Security, 2017, 16(1): 11.
[17] 许小伟, 程宇, 钱枫, 等. 基于AES的车联网通信加密算法[J]. 计算机与现代化, 2024(9): 45-51.
[18] STMicroelectronics. RM0090 reference manual[EB/OL]. [2024-11-28] https://www.st.com/resource/en/reference_manual/rm0090-stm32f405415-stm32f407417-stm32f427437-and-stm32f429439-advanced-armbased-32bit-mcus-stmicroelectronics.pdf.

中国半导体行业协会封装分会会刊

中国电子学会电子制造与封装技术分会会刊

基于STM32微控制器的Bootloader设计方法

Bootloader Design Methodology Based on STM32 Microcontroller

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 10

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	谢昌伟;顾瀚戈;钟洪念;祁瑞. HTTP模式下STM32程序远程升级设计[J]. 电子与封装, 2023, 23(5): 50501-.
[2]	陈恒江;仲海东;彭佳丽. 基于STM32F429的AD静态参数自动测试系统的设计与实现[J]. 电子与封装, 2022, 22(3): 30202-.
[3]	李克靖;徐婕;吴珏;宋锦. 基于STM32的无刷直流电机矢量控制系统[J]. 电子与封装, 2020, 20(9): 90302-.
[4]	陈翔,畅广春,徐鹏. 基于STM32的氧含量测量模块设计[J]. 电子与封装, 2020, 20(5): 50302-.
[5]	杨露,张荣,张梅娟,葛秀梅,何佩佩. 基于PowerPC架构的二级启动设计[J]. 电子与封装, 2020, 20(3): 30306-.
[6]	翁子彬, 丁蔚, 彭佳丽. 基于STM32F103的一种通用MCU编程器[J]. 电子与封装, 2020, 20(11): 110501-.
[7]	刘云晶，刘梦影. 一种32位MCU的FPGA验证平台[J]. 电子与封装, 2020, 20(1): 10205-.
[8]	孟健，梁珣. 基于STM32 的永磁同步电机控制板设计[J]. 电子与封装, 2019, 19(12): 32-35.
[9]	孙舟，赵正，郭奇，钱宏文，饶飞，杨文豪. 基于STM32F103控制的NAND_FLASH数据处理实现[J]. 电子与封装, 2019, 19(10): 29-33.
[10]	陈富涛. 微控制器电路的干扰信号检测技术及应用[J]. 电子与封装, 2018, 18(12): 12-15.