中国半导体行业协会封装分会会刊

中国电子学会电子制造与封装技术分会会刊

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电子与封装 ›› 2025, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (10): 100203 . doi: 10.16257/j.cnki.1681-1070.2025.0107

• 封装、组装与测试 • 上一篇    下一篇

IMC厚度对大尺寸高密度电路可靠性的影响

韩星1,梁若男1,谢达1,2,郭俊杰1   

  1. 1.无锡中微亿芯有限公司,江苏 无锡  214072;2. 智能汽车安全技术全国重点实验室,重庆  401133
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-10 出版日期:2025-10-29 发布日期:2025-10-29
  • 作者简介:韩星(1996—),男,山东济南人,硕士,工程师,主要从事集成电路封装设计与可靠性研究工作。

Influence of IMC Thickness on Reliability of Large-Size and High-Density Circuit

HAN Xing1, LIANG Ruonan1, XIE Da1,2, GUO Junjie1   

  1. 1.Wuxi Esiontech Co., Ltd., Wuxi214072, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of IntelligentVehicle Safety Technology, Chongqing 401133, China
  • Received:2025-01-10 Online:2025-10-29 Published:2025-10-29

摘要: 随着电子产品与封装系统向多功能、小型化及高可靠性方向发展,具有高密度特性的球栅阵列(BGA)封装技术得到广泛应用。在BGA封装过程中,锡膏被广泛用作焊接材料,以实现无铅焊球(SAC305)与铜焊盘之间的互连。然而,金属间化合物(IMC)在无铅锡膏焊接体系中的生长难以避免。IMC与基材热膨胀系数的显著差异导致热应力产生,进而影响焊球可靠性。为研究IMC层厚度对电路可靠性的影响,采用有限元法模拟不同IMC层厚度下、温度循环过程中无铅焊球的应力变化及疲劳寿命。研究结果表明,IMC层的形成及其厚度的增加会导致等效应力持续增大,并伴随明显的塑性应变,从而显著降低焊球的疲劳寿命。

关键词: 可靠性, 金属间化合物, 无铅焊球, 有限元法

Abstract: With the development of electronic products and packaging systems in the direction of multi-function, miniaturization and high reliability, ball grid array (BGA) packaging technology with high-density characteristics is widely used. In the BGA packaging process, solder paste is widely used as the soldering material to interconnect the lead-free solder balls (SAC305) with the copper pads. However, the growth of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) cannot be avoided in the lead-free solder paste soldering system. The significant difference in thermal expansion coefficients between IMCs and the substrate induces thermal stress, which significantly impacts the reliability of solder balls. To study the influence of IMC thickness on circuit reliability, the finite element method is used to simulate the stress change and fatigue life of lead-free solder balls during temperature cycling under different IMC thicknesses. The results show that the formation and the thickness increase of IMCs lead to continuous increases in equivalent stress, accompanied by obvious plastic strain, which greatly reduces the fatigue life of solder balls.

Key words: reliability, intermetallic compound, lead-free solder ball, finite element method

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